The role of diet and exercise for the maintenance of fat-free mass and resting metabolic rate

In the study to research for the effective treatment strategies still focus on diet and exercise programmes, the individual components of which have been investigated in intervention trials in order to determine the most effective recommendations for sustained changes in bodyweight, found that Exercise training is associated with an increase in energy expenditure, thus promoting changes in body composition and bodyweight while keeping dietary intake constant. The advantages of strength training may have greater implications than initially proposed with respect to decreasing percentage body fat and sustaining FFM. Research to date suggests that the addition of exercise programmes to dietary restriction can promote more favourable changes in body composition than diet or physical activity on its own. Moreover, recent research indicates that the macronutrient content of the energy-restricted diet may influence body compositional alterations following exercise regimens(1).


 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight 

(1) "The role of diet and exercise for the maintenance of fat-free mass and resting metabolic rate during weight loss" by Stiegler P, Cunliffe A.

Increased consumption of dairy foods and protein during diet- and exercise-induced weight loss

In the study of Ninety participants were randomized to 3 groups (n = 30/group): high protein, high dairy (HPHD), adequate protein, medium dairy (APMD), and adequate protein, low dairy (APLD) differing in the quantity of total dietary protein and dairy food-source protein consumed: 30 and 15%, 15 and 7.5%, or 15 and <2% of energy, respectively. Body composition was measured by DXA at 0, 8, and 16 wk and MRI (n = 39) to assess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume at 0 and 16 wk. All groups lost body weight (P < 0.05) and fat (P < 0.01); however, fat loss during wk 8-16 was greater in the HPHD group than in the APMD and APLD groups (P < 0.05) showed that The HPHD group gained lean tissue with a greater increase during 8-16 wk than the APMD group, which maintained lean mass and the APLD group, which lost lean mass (P < 0.05). The HPHD group also lost more VAT as assessed by MRI (P < 0.05) and trunk fat as assessed by DXA (P < 0.005) than the APLD group. The reduction in VAT in all groups was correlated with intakes of calcium (r = 0.40; P < 0.05) and protein (r = 0.32; P < 0.05). Therefore, diet- and exercise-induced weight loss with higher protein and increased dairy product intakes promotes more favorable body composition changes in women characterized by greater total and visceral fat loss and lean mass gain(1).


 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight 


(1)" Increased consumption of dairy foods and protein during diet- and exercise-induced weight loss promotes fat mass loss and lean mass gain in overweight and obese premenopausal women" by Josse AR, Atkinson SA, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM.

Reduced-Calorie Dietary Weight Loss, Exercise, and Sex Hormones in Postmenopausal Women

In the study to evaluated the individual and combined effects of a reduced-calorie weight loss diet and exercise on serum sex hormones in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. PATIENTS AND METHODSWe conducted a single-blind, 12-month, randomized controlled trial from 2005 to 2009. Participants (age 50 to 75 years; body mass index > 25.0 kg/m(2), exercising < 100 minutes/wk) were randomly assigned using a computer-generated sequence to (1) reduced-calorie weight loss diet ("diet"; n = 118), (2) moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise ("exercise"; n = 117), (3) combined reduced-calorie weight loss diet and moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise ("diet + exercise"; n = 117), or (4) control (n = 87), found that Weight loss significantly lowered serum estrogens and free testosterone, supporting weight loss for risk reduction through lowering exposure to breast cancer biomarkers(1).


 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight 

(1) "Reduced-Calorie Dietary Weight Loss, Exercise, and Sex Hormones in Postmenopausal Women: Randomized Controlled Trial" by Campbell KL, Foster-Schubert KE, Alfano CM, Wang CC, Wang CY, Duggan CR, Mason C, Imayama I, Kong A, Xiao L, Bain CE, Blackburn GL, Stanczyk FZ, McTiernan A.

Use of Orlistat 60 mg in the Management of Weight Loss Before Bariatric Surgery

In the study to evaluate the use of orlistat 60 mg taken up to 3 times daily as an adjunct to achieve the 10% preoperative weight loss recommended in this bariatric program prior to gastric bypass surgery, showed that Nineteen patients (5 males) and 19 age- and sex-matched controls were included. The mean (SD) initial body mass index for the treatment versus control group was, respectively, 49.5 (10.5) versus 47.2 (4.9) kg/m(2) (p = 0.559). At 3 months, the percent excess weight (EW) loss was 2.4 (3.8) (n = 15) versus 5.5 (7.6) (n = 19) (p = 0.111) and the percent total body weight (TBW) loss was 1.2 (1.9) versus 2.9 (4.1) (p = 0.103). At 6 months, the percent EW loss was 3.6 (6.4) (n = 9) versus 10.2 (8.0) (n = 16) (p = 0.036) and the percent TBW loss was 2.0 (3.4) versus 5.4 (4.2) (p = 0.048)(1).


 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Use of Orlistat 60 mg in the Management of Weight Loss Before Bariatric Surgery (June)" by Malone M, Alger-Mayer SA, Lindstrom J.

Effects of Adding Exercise to a 16-Week Very Low-Calorie Diet in Obese, Insulin-Dependent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

In a clinical research center in an academic medical center.Subjects:Twenty-seven obese [body mass index 37.2 ± 0.9 kg/m(2) (mean ± sem)] insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Intervention:Patients followed a 16-wk VLCD. Thirteen of them simultaneously participated in an exercise program (E) consisting of 1-h, in-hospital training and four 30-min training sessions on a cycloergometer weekly.Outcome Measures:Insulin resistance was measured by a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Insulin signaling, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, and intramyocellular lipid content was measured in skeletal muscle biopsies.Results:Baseline characteristics were identical in both groups, showed that Substantial weight loss occurred (-23.7 ± 1.7 kg VLCD-only vs. -27.2 ± 1.9 kg VLCD+E, P = NS within groups). The exercise group lost more fat mass. Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal increased similarly in both study groups [15.0 ± 0.9 to 39.2 ± 4.7 μmol/min(-1) · kg lean body mass (LBM(-1)) VLCD-only vs. 17.0 ± 1.0 to 37.5 ± 3.5 μmol/min(-1) · kg LBM(-1) in VLCD+E], as did phosphorylation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B/AKT insulin signaling pathway. In contrast, skeletal muscle mtDNA content increased only in the VLCD+E group (1211 ± 185 to 2288 ± 358, arbitrary units, P = 0.016 vs. 1397 ± 240 to 1196 ± 179, P = NS, VLCD-only group). Maximum aerobic capacity also only increased significantly in the VLCD+E group (+6.6 ± 1.7 ml/min(-1) · kg LBM(-1) vs. +0.7 ± 1.5 ml/min(-1) · kg LBM(-1) VLCD-only, P = 0.017).Conclusion:Addition of exercise to a 16-wk VLCD induces more fat loss. Exercise augments maximum aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle mtDNA content(1).


 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight 

(1) "Effects of Adding Exercise to a 16-Week Very Low-Calorie Diet in Obese, Insulin-Dependent Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients' by Snel M, Gastaldelli A, Ouwens DM, Hesselink MK, Schaart G, Buzzigoli E, Frölich M, Romijn JA, Pijl H, Meinders AE, Jazet IM.

Greater weight loss and hormonal changes after 6 months diet with carbohydrates eaten mostly at dinner

In the study to investigate the effect of a low-calorie diet with carbohydrates eaten mostly at dinner on anthropometric, a simple dietary manipulation of carbohydrate distribution appears to have additional benefits when compared to a conventional weight loss diet in individuals suffering from obesity. It might also be beneficial for individuals suffering from insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Further research is required to confirm and clarify the mechanisms by which this relatively simple diet approach enhances satiety, leads to better anthropometric outcomes, and achieves improved metabolic response, compared to a more conventional dietary approach.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight


(1) "Greater weight loss and hormonal changes after 6 months diet with carbohydrates eaten mostly at dinner" by Sofer S, Eliraz A, Kaplan S, Voet H, Fink G, Kima T, Madar Z.

Sibutramine and Weight loss

In a Randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, 12-week study conducted at two hospital-based obesity/diabetes clinics. Patients were men and women aged 30-65 years, with b.m.i. > 26 kg/m2 and < or = 35 kg/m2 and treated or untreated type 2 diabetes diagnosed > or = 6 months previously. Each patient was given sibutramine 15 mg or placebo once daily and advised to follow a customised diet of 500 kcal/day less than the individual's energy needs indicated that Sibutramine 15 mg once daily with a customised, reduced-calorie diet significantly reduced weight compared with placebo in overweight and obese patients (b.m.i. > 26 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes. Sibutramine was well tolerated, and significant improvement in diabetic control was seen in conjunction with weight reduction on sibutramine treatment(1).

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight




(1) "Sibutramine is effective for weight loss and diabetic control in obesity with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study" by Finer N, Bloom SR, Frost GS, Banks LM, Griffiths J.

Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: data for Atkins dieters

In the study to evaluate dietary interventions regarding their safety and metabolic effects, indicated that these high-fat diets have been shown to be safe in the short term; however, their long-term safety has not been established. With respect to insulin sensitivity, diets enriched in saturated fats can induce insulin resistance, whereas fat substitution with monounsaturated fats can enhance insulin sensitivity. On the other hand, high-fiber, high-carbohydrate diets comprised of foods with low caloric density can similarly be used for effective weight reduction and to ameliorate insulin resistance. Although some data suggest that low-glycemic index diets are most advantageous in this regard, these effects may have more to do with increments in dietary fiber than differences in available carbohydrates. Popular low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets are being fervently embraced as an alternative to challenging modifications in lifestyle and intentional calorie reduction. Current data do not support such unbridled enthusiasm for these diets, particularly in relationship to high-fiber, high-carbohydrate diets emphasizing intake of fresh vegetables and fruits(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Diet, insulin resistance, and obesity: zoning in on data for Atkins dieters living in South Beach" by

Lara-Castro C, Garvey WT.

The optimal diet.- Dietary treatment of the metabolic syndrome

There is indirect evidence that a higher saturated fat intake is associated with impaired insulin action. Human studies have also attempted to evaluate the relationship between total fat intake and insulin sensitivity. They are consistent in showing that fat intake is correlated with both plasma insulin values (positively) and insulin sensitivity (negatively). However, these correlations are largely mediated by body weight. Conversely, intervention studies are consistent in showing that when total fat intake is moderately increased (from 20 to 40%), no major effect is observed on insulin sensitivity. In the undertaken a large, multicentre intervention study in 162 healthy individuals given either a high-saturated-fat or a high-monounsaturated-fat diet for 3 months. It shows that a high-monounsaturated-fat diet significantly improves insulin sensitivity compared to a high-saturated-fat diet. However, this beneficial effect of monounsaturated fat disappears when total fat intake exceeds 38% of total energy. Independently of its effects on insulin sensitivity, diet composition can influence the factors clustering in the metabolic syndrome. Dietary carbohydrate increases blood glucose levels, particularly in the postprandial period, and consequently also insulin levels and plasma triglycerides. The detrimental effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on plasma glucose/insulin, triglyceride/HDL or fibrinolysis occur only when carbohydrate foods with a high glycaemic index are consumed, while they are abolished if the diet is based largely on fibre-rich, low-glycaemic-index foods. In conclusion, weight reduction is a powerful measure for the treatment of metabolic syndrome(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight
 


(1) "Dietary treatment of the metabolic syndrome--the optimal diet" by Riccardi G, Rivellese AA.

Insulin resistance and glucose tolerance of 6-mo high-monounsaturated-fat, low-fat, and control diets.

In the study to evaluate the effect of dietary fat and carbohydrate on glucose metabolism has been debated for decades, researchers found that after 6 mo, the MUFA diet reduced fasting glucose (-3.0%), insulin (-9.4%), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score (-12.1%). Compared with the MUFA diet, the control diet increased these variables [1.4% (P = 0.014), 21.2% (P = 0.030), and 22.8% (P = 0.015), respectively], as did the LF diet [1.4% (P = 0.090), 13.1% (P = 0.078), and 15.5% (P = 0.095), respectively]. No significant group differences were detected in glucose or insulin concentrations during the OGTT, in the Matsudas index, in body weight, or in body composition(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Comparison of the effects on insulin resistance and glucose tolerance of 6-mo high-monounsaturated-fat, low-fat, and control diets" by Due A, Larsen TM, Hermansen K, Stender S, Holst JJ, Toubro S, Martinussen T, Astrup A.

Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets

A systematic review of low-carbohydrate diets found that the weight loss achieved is associated with the duration of the diet and restriction of energy intake, but not with restriction of carbohydrates. Two groups have reported longer-term randomised studies that compared instruction in the low-carbohydrate diet with a low-fat calorie-reduced diet in obese patients (N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 2082-90; Ann Intern Med 2004; 140: 778-85). Both trials showed better weight loss on the low-carbohydrate diet after 6 months, but no difference after 12 months. The apparent paradox that ad-libitum intake of high-fat foods produces weight loss might be due to severe restriction of carbohydrate depleting glycogen stores, leading to excretion of bound water, the ketogenic nature of the diet being appetite suppressing, the high protein-content being highly satiating and reducing spontaneous food intake, or limited food choices leading to decreased energy intake. Long-term studies are needed to measure changes in nutritional status and body composition during the low-carbohydrate diet, and to assess fasting and postprandial cardiovascular risk factors and adverse effects. Without that information, low-carbohydrate diets cannot be recommended(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets: hoax or an effective tool for weight loss?" by Astrup A, Meinert Larsen T, Harper A.

The role of dietary fat in body fatness

A meta-analysis of weight loss occurring on ad libitum low-fat diets in intervention trials, and analysed the relationship between initial body weight and weight loss. We selected controlled trials lasting more than 2 months comparing ad libitum low-fat diets with a control group consuming their habitual diet or a medium-fat diet ad libitum published from 1966 to 1998. Data were included from 16 trials with a duration of 2-12 months, involving 1728 individuals. No trials on obese subjects fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The weighted difference in weight loss between intervention and control groups was 2.55 kg (95% CI, 1.5-3.5; P < 0.0001). Weight loss was positively and independently related to pre-treatment body weight (r = 0.52, P < 0.05) and to reduction in the percentage of energy as fat (0.37 kg/%, P < 0.005) in unweighted analysis. Extrapolated to a BMI of about 30 kg/m2 and assuming a 10% reduction in dietary fat, the predicted weight loss would be 4.4 kg (95% CI, 2.0 to -6.8 kg). Because weight loss was not the primary aim in 12 of the 16 studies, it is unlikely that voluntary energy restriction contributed to the weight loss. Although there is no evidence that a high intake of simple sugars contributes to passive overconsumption, carbohydrate foods with a low glycaemic index may be more satiating and exert more beneficial effects on insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, an increase in protein content up to 25% of total energy may also contribute to reducing total energy intake. In conclusion, a low-fat diet, high in protein and fibre-rich carbohydrates, mainly from different vegetables, fruits and whole grains, is highly satiating for fewer calories than fatty foods(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight
  
(1) "The role of dietary fat in body fatness: evidence from a preliminary meta-analysis of ad libitum low-fat dietary intervention studies" by Astrup A, Ryan L, Grunwald GK, Storgaard M, Saris W, Melanson E, Hill JO.

Weight loss favorably modifies anthropometrics and reverses the metabolic syndrome

In the study to determine the effects of a weight loss program, including dietary modifications, increased physical activity and dietary supplement (L-carnitine or placebo) on anthropometrics, leptin, insulin, the metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance in overweight /obese premenopausal women, indicated that Moderate increases in physical activity and a hypocaloric/high protein diet resulted in multiple beneficial effects on body anthropometrics and insulin sensitivity. Realistic dietary and physical activity goals must be the focus of intervention strategies for overweight and obese individuals(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight
 

(1) "Weight loss favorably modifies anthropometrics and reverses the metabolic syndrome in premenopausal women" by Lofgren IE, Herron KL, West KL, Zern TL, Brownbill RA, Ilich JZ, Koo SI, Fernandez ML.

Intermittent versus daily calorie restriction

Dietary restriction is an effective strategy for weight loss in obese individuals.The most common form of dietary restriction implemented is daily calorie restriction (CR), which involves reducing energy by 15-60% of usual caloric intake every day. Another form of dietary restriction employed is intermittent CR, which involves 24 h of ad libitum food consumption alternated with 24 h of complete or partial food restriction. The study reveal that similar weight loss and fat mass loss with 3 to 12 weeks' intermittent CR (4-8%, 11-16%, respectively) and daily CR (5-8%, 10-20%, respectively). In contrast, less fat free mass was lost in response to intermittent CR versus daily CR.(1)

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Intermittent versus daily calorie restriction: which diet regimen is more effective for weight loss?"

Varady KA.

Long-term effects of 2 energy-restricted diets

In the study to to examine the effects of 2 dietary macronutrient patterns with different glycemic loads on adherence to a prescribed regimen of calorie restriction (CR), weight and fat loss, and related variables suggested that All groups consumed significantly less energy during CR than at baseline (P < 0.01), but changes in energy intake, body weight, body fat, and resting metabolic rate did not differ significantly between groups. Both groups ate more energy than provided (eg, 21% and 28% CR at 3 mo and 16% and 17% CR at 6 mo with HG and LG, respectively). Percentage weight change at 12 mo was -8.04 +/- 4.1% in the HG group and -7.81 +/- 5.0% in the LG group. There was no effect of dietary composition on changes in hunger, satiety, or satisfaction with the amount and type of provided food during CR.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Long-term effects of 2 energy-restricted diets differing in glycemic load on dietary adherence, body composition, and metabolism in CALERIE: a 1-y randomized controlled trial" by Das SK, Gilhooly CH, Golden JK, Pittas AG, Fuss PJ, Cheatham RA, Tyler S, Tsay M, McCrory MA, Lichtenstein AH, Dallal GE, Dutta C, Bhapkar MV, Delany JP, Saltzman E, Roberts SB.

WITHDRAWN: Advice on low-fat diets for obesity

In teh study to assess the effects of advice on low-fat diets as a means of achieving sustained weight loss, using all available randomised clinical trials. This review focused primarily on participants who were overweight or clinically obese and were dieting for the purpose of weight reduction, suggested that fat-restricted diets are no better than calorie restricted diets in achieving long term weight loss in overweight or obese people. Overall, participants lost slightly more weight on the control diets but this was not significantly different from the weight loss achieved through dietary fat restriction and was so small as to be clinically insignificant(1).

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "WITHDRAWN: Advice on low-fat diets for obesity" by Summerbell CD, Cameron C, Glasziou PP.

Improvements in body fat distribution and circulating adiponectin

In the study to evaluated the effects of ADF versus CR on body fat distribution and circulating adiponectin levels and examined the kinetic mechanisms that underlie changes in fat distribution. Thirty female C57BL/6J mice were randomized to one of five groups for 4 weeks: (a) CR-25% (25% energy restriction daily), (b) ADF-75% (75% restriction on fast day), (c) ADF-85% (85% restriction on fast day), (d) ADF-100% (100% restriction on fast day) and (e) control (ad libitum fed). Body weights of the CR mice were lower than that of the ADF and control groups posttreatment. After 4 weeks of diet, the proportion of visceral fat decreased (P<.001) and the proportion of subcutaneous fat increased (P<.001) similarly in ADF and CR animals. Adiponectin increased (P<.05) by 62-86% in the ADF groups and by 69% in the CR group. Triglyceride (TG) synthesis and de novo lipogenesis were augmented (P<.05) in the subcutaneous fat pad of ADF and CR animals, relative to control. No differences in net lipolysis were observed, resulting in greater TG accumulation in the subcutaneous fat pad, with a shift in the ratio of TG between depots(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Improvements in body fat distribution and circulating adiponectin by alternate-day fasting versus calorie restriction" by Varady KA, Allister CA, Roohk DJ, Hellerstein MK.

The Effects of an Energy Density Prescription on Diet Quality and Weight Loss

In the study to examine the effects of ED-based diet prescriptions on diet quality and weight loss during a 3-month behavior-based obesity intervention conducted in a research setting. Forty-four adults with overweight/obesity (age 52.1±7.6 years, body mass index [BMI; calculated as kg/m(2)] 34.8±4.8, 81.8% women, and 93.2% white) were recruited between December 2009 and March 2010 and randomly assigned to: Low ED (consume ≥10 foods ≤1.0 kcal/g dietary ED and ≤2 foods ≥3.0 kcal/g dietary ED per day (n=15); Low-Energy, Low-Fat (1,200 to 1,500 kcal/day, ≤30% energy from fat (n=15); or Low-ED, Low-Energy, Low-Fat (n=14). Participants received 12 weekly group sessions led by a research interventionist. Dietary intake (measured by 3-day food records), self-reported physical activity, and weight were measured at baseline and 3 months. Intent-to-treat analyses showed all conditions reduced dietary ED and energy intake (P<0.001). Low-ED and Low-ED, Low-Energy, Low-Fat interventions increased fruit consumption (P<0.05). All conditions increased self-reported physical activity (P<0.001), with no difference between conditions. Although participants in all conditions lost weight (P<0.001), those in the Low-ED condition lost more (P<0.05) than those in the Low-ED, Low-Energy, Low-Fat condition (Low-ED -20.5±7.0 lb, Low-Energy, Low-Fat -16.9±10.1 lb, and Low-ED, Low-Energy, Low-Fat -12.5± 6.5 lb). A diet prescription that lowered ED increased fruit intake and enhanced weight loss compared with other weight loss prescriptions(1).

  101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "The Effects of an Energy Density Prescription on Diet Quality and Weight Loss: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial" by Raynor HA, Looney SM, Steeves EA, Spence M, Gorin AA.

Weight Loss and Increased meal frequency

In the study to investigate whether using a high MF could lead to a greater weight loss than that obtained with a low MF under conditions of similar energy restriction. Subjects were randomised into two treatment arms (high MF = 3 meals+3 snacks/d or low MF = 3 meals/d) and subjected to the same dietary energy restriction of - 2931 kJ/d for 8 weeks. Sixteen obese adults (n 8 women and 8 men; age 34.6 (sd 9.5); BMI 37.1 (sd 4.5) kg/m2) completed the study. Overall, there was a 4.7 % decrease in body weight (P < 0.01); similarly, significant decreases were noted in fat mass ( - 3.1 (sd 2.9) kg; P < 0.01), lean body mass ( - 2.0 (sd 3.1) kg; P < 0.05) and BMI ( - 1.7 (sd 0.8) kg/m2; P < 0.01). However, there were NS differences between the low- and high-MF groups for adiposity indices, appetite measurements or gut peptides (peptide YY and ghrelin) either before or after the intervention(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

(1) "Increased meal frequency does not promote greater weight loss in subjects who were prescribed an 8-week equi-energetic energy-restricted diet" by Cameron JD, Cyr MJ, Doucet E.

A new formulafor estimating ideal body weight

A simple formula for estimating ideal body weight (IBW) in kilograms for both men and women is presented. The equation IBW = 22 x H2, where H is equal to patient height in meters, yields weight values midway within the range of weights obtained using published IBW formulae(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html
 

(1) "Estimating ideal body weight--a new formula" by Lemmens HJ, Brodsky JB, Bernstein DP.

An overview of body weight of older persons

  In a studied distributions of body weight for height, change in body weight with age, and the relationship between body mass index and mortality among participants in the Epidemiologic Follow-up Study of the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHEFS) (n = 14,407), a cohort study based on an representative sample of the U.S. population, found that Risk of mortality for both men and women who have lost 10% or more of their maximum lifetime weight within the last 10 years is statistically significant, even when controlling for current weight. This study has replicated previously reported relationships, while correcting for several methodological issues(1).

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html

(1) "An overview of body weight of older persons, including the impact on mortality. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I--Epidemiologic Follow-up Study" by Cornoni-Huntley JC, Harris TB, Everett DF, Albanes D, Micozzi MS, Miles TP, Feldman JJ.

Cigarette smoking on the association between body weight and mortality

In the study to calculate for two measures of obesity, the Metropolitan Relative Weight (MRW) and body mass index (BMI), the value at which minimum mortality occurs, found that Reanalysis of the Framingham Heart Study data does not support the hypothesis that there is an interaction between smoking and measures of obesity. Moreover, the estimated BMI or MRW at the minimum risk of death was similar for men and women smokers and nonsmokers alike even after deleting prevalent cases of CVD and deaths within the first four years of follow-up.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html

(1) "The influence of cigarette smoking on the association between body weight and mortality. The Framingham Heart Study revisited" by Sempos CT, Durazo-Arvizu R, McGee DL, Cooper RS, Prewitt TE.

Comparison of ideal body weight equations and published height-weight tables with body mass index tables

Un the study to compare the ideal body weight (IBW) formulas and published height-weight tables for healthy adults in the United States with the body mass index (BMI) of 22 kg/m2, which is associated with lowest mortality, found that Robinson's formula appears to be the best equation for calculating desirable/healthy weights in men; however, no formula predicted close to a BMI of 22 kg/m2 for women. Thus, in practice it might be more useful to use BMI ranges instead of IBW formulas for men and women.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html


(1) "Comparison of ideal body weight equations and published height-weight tables with body mass index tables for healthy adults in the United States" by Shah B, Sucher K, Hollenbeck CB.

Cigarette smoking as a confounder of the relationship between relative weight and long-term mortality.

Framingham Heart Study subjects were weighed, their stature measured, and cigarette smoking histories obtained at the first biennial examination starting in 1949. Of men under desirable weight (Metropolitan relative weight [MRW], less than 100%), more than 80% were smokers, while only about 55% of the extremely overweight men were cigarette smokers. When age-, smoking-, and MRW-specific mortalities for 26 years of follow-up were calculated in these men, it was found that smokers had higher mortality than nonsmokers but that in the smokers and nonsmokers, minimum mortalities occurred for subjects who were initially in the "desirable weight" group (MRW, 100% to 109%). Among cigarette smokers, lean men (MRW, less than 100%) experienced considerably elevated mortality, often higher than that in all but the most overweight cigarette smokers. These findings suggest that elevated mortality in low-weight American men results from the mortality risks associated with cigarette smoking and demonstrates the need for controlling for cigarette smoking when considering the relationship between relative weight and mortality(1).

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html

(1) "Cigarette smoking as a confounder of the relationship between relative weight and long-term mortality. The Framingham Heart Study" by Garrison RJ, Feinleib M, Castelli WP, McNamara PM.

Body weight, health, and longevity

In the study conducted by De. Simopoulos AP and Dr. Van Itallie TB. found that in the United States, the weight associated with the greatest longevity tends to below the average weight of the population under consideration, if such weights are not associated with a history of significant medical impairment. Overweight persons tend to die sooner than average-weight persons, especially those who are overweight at younger ages. The effect of being overweight on mortality is delayed and may not be seen in short-term studies. Cigarette smoking is a potential confounder of the relationship between obesity and mortality. Studies on body weight, morbidity, and mortality must be interpreted with careful attention to the definitions of obesity or relative weight used, preexisting morbid conditions, the length of follow-up, and confounders in the analysis. The terminology of body weight standards should be defined more precisely and cited appropriately. An appropriate database relating body weight by sex, age, and possibly frame size to morbidity and mortality should be developed to permit the preparation of reference tables for defining the desirable range of body weight based on morbidity and mortality statistics(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html

(1) "Body weight, health, and longevity" by Simopoulos AP, Van Itallie TB.

The origin of the "ideal" body weight equations

In the study to provide a historical perspective on the origin and similarity of the "ideal" body weight (IBW) equations, and clarify the terms ideal and lean body weight (LBW), showed that The weight data were found to correlate with mortality and resulted in the use of the terms desirable or ideal to describe these weights. Over the years, IBW was interpreted to represent a "fat-free" weight and thus was used as a surrogate for LBW. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of certain drugs were found to correlate with IBW and resulted in the use of IBW equations published by Devine. These equations were consistent with an old rule that was developed from height-weight tables to estimate IBW. Efforts to improve the IBW equations through regression analyses of height-weight data resulted in equations similar to those published by Devine(1).

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html


(1) "The origin of the "ideal" body weight equations" by Pai MP, Paloucek FP.

Descriptive Study of Educated African American Women Successful at Weight-Loss Maintenance

In the study od Interventions to address obesity and weight loss maintenance among African Americans, found that Of 3,414 individuals screened, 1,280 were eligible and completed surveys. Ninety-percent were women. This descriptive analysis includes 1,110 women who lost weight through non-surgical means. Over 90 % of respondents had at least some college education. Twenty-eight percent of respondents were weight-loss maintainers. Maintainers lost an average of 24 % of their body weight and had maintained ≥ 10 % weight loss for an average of 5.1 years. Maintainers were more likely to limit their fat intake, eat breakfast most days of the week, avoid fast food restaurants, engage in moderate to high levels of physical activity, and use a scale to monitor their weight.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html

Or visit my home page at http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.ca 

(1) "Descriptive Study of Educated African American Women Successful at Weight-Loss Maintenance Through Lifestyle Changes" by Barnes AS, Kimbro RT.

Weight loss maintenance in African-American women

African-American women are disproportionately affected by obesity. Weight loss can occur, but maintenance is rare. Little is known about weight loss maintenance in African-American women. In this investigation, researchers found that Weight loss maintainers lost 22% of body weight. They view positive support from others and active opposition to cultural norms as critical for maintenance. They struggle with weight regain, but have strategies in place to lose weight again. Some maintainers struggle with being perceived as sick or too thin at their new weight. Regainers and maintainers struggle with hairstyle management during exercise. The theoretical constructs from TPB were defined and supported by focus group content.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html
For other health articles, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/

(1) "Weight loss maintenance in African-American women: focus group results and questionnaire development" by  Barnes AS, Goodrick GK, Pavlik V, Markesino J, Laws DY, Taylor WC.

Green tea catechin plus caffeine supplementation to a high-protein diet has no additional effect on body weight maintenance after weight loss

In the study to evaluate the effect of a green tea-caffeine mixture added to a high-protein (HP) diet on weight maintenance (WM) after body weight loss in moderately obese subjects, Subjects lost 7.0 +/- 1.6 kg, or 8.2 +/- 2.0%, body weight (P < 0.001). During the WM phase, WM, resting energy expenditure, and fat-free mass (FFM) increased relatively in both the HP groups and in the AP + green tea-caffeine mixture group (P < 0.05), whereas respiratory quotient and body fat mass decreased, all compared with the AP + placebo group. Satiety increased only in both HP groups (P < 0.05). The green tea-caffeine mixture was only effective with the AP diet.(1)

101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html
For other health articles, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/

(1) |"Green tea catechin plus caffeine supplementation to a high-protein diet has no additional effect on body weight maintenance after weight loss" by Hursel R, Westerterp-Plantenga MS.

High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight loss

In the study to investigate whether addition of protein may improve weight maintenance by preventing or limiting weight regain after weight loss of 5-10% in moderately obese subjects, a 20% higher protein intake, that is, 18% of energy vs 15% of energy during weight maintenance after weight loss, resulted in a 50% lower body weight regain, only consisting of fat-free mass, and related to increased satiety and decreased energy efficiency.(1)

101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html
For other health articles, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/

(1) "High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight loss in humans" by

Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Lejeune MP, Nijs I, van Ooijen M, Kovacs EM.

Steps to soulful living (steps): a weight loss program for African-American women.

In the investigation of Sixty-six African-American women participated in a 6-month weight loss program that included weekly group meetings and supervised exercise sessions. Mean baseline body mass index was 39 kg/m2, and mean baseline weight was 107 kg. Cultural adaptations, defined as program adjustments, made in response to women's preferences as expressed in focus group interviews included changes in intervention format, the content of the group meetings, and the location and format of the exercise sessions, found that Seventy-six percent of the participants attended at least 50% of the 26 weekly sessions, and 56% attended at least 75% of the sessions. Average hours of exercise per week approximately doubled during the program in comparison to baseline levels. Mean weight loss at 26 weeks was 3.7 kg, categorizing those who were lost to follow-up as having zero weight loss. Participants who attended at least 75% of the group meetings lost a mean of 6.2 kg at six months. Those who attended fewer meetings lost a mean of 0.9 kg.(1)

 101 Practical Weight Loss Tips
How you can lose way the natural way
Un-cover an amazingly simple way of losing weight

For other Obesity and Weight Loss researches, visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/2012/03/obesity-and-weight-loss.html
For other health articles, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/

(1) "Steps to soulful living (steps): a weight loss program for African-American women" by

Karanja N, Stevens VJ, Hollis JF, Kumanyika SK.